India has the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), which is a statutory body established to protect and promote human rights.
Here are key details about the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC):
Establishment and Legal Basis:
1. Establishment: The NHRC was established on October 12, 1993.
2. Legal Basis: It was set up under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.
Composition and Functions:
1. Composition: The NHRC consists of a chairperson and four members, including a retired Chief Justice of India, judges of the Supreme Court, and experts in the field of human rights.
2. Appointment: The President of India appoints the chairperson and members of the NHRC.
3. Functions: The primary functions of the NHRC include:
o Inquiring into complaints of human rights violations.
o Intervening in legal proceedings related to human rights violations.
o Promoting human rights awareness and education.
o Recommending measures to prevent human rights violations.
o Reviewing and recommending changes in existing laws to ensure their alignment with human rights standards.
Powers and Responsibilities:
1. Investigation: The NHRC has the power to inquire into complaints of violations of human rights and recommend appropriate action.
2. Public Awareness: It works towards the promotion of human rights awareness and education.
3. Research and Studies: The NHRC conducts research and studies on various issues related to human rights.
4. Intervention in Legal Proceedings: The commission can intervene in legal proceedings involving allegations of human rights violations.
Reports and Recommendations:
The NHRC submits annual and special reports to the government and Parliament, highlighting human rights issues and providing recommendations for improvement.
Grievance Redressal:
Individuals can file complaints with the NHRC regarding violations of human rights for redressal and investigation.
